旋流板塔价廉脱硫剂湿法烟气脱硫工艺

以旋流板塔为脱硫塔，对几种价廉吸收剂的湿法烟气脱硫工艺进行了实验研究，并分析了传质反应机理，试验了不同液气比（L／G）、吸收液pH值和进气SO2浓度等主要参数对脱硫率的影响，并对实验结果进行了分析；结合其传质反应机理，得出了回归方程式，这些吸收剂均来自于工业废料，达到了废治废的效果，价廉脱硫剂的旋流板塔湿法脱硫工艺已用于苏州热电厂35t/h锅炉的烟气脱硫。     

What Matters Most: Are Future Stream Temperatures More Sensitive to Changing Air Temperatures,Discharge, or Riparian Vegetation?

Simulations of stream temperatures showed a wide range of future thermal regimes under a warming climate — from 2.9°C warmer to 7.6°C cooler than current conditions — depending primarily on shade from riparian vegetation. We used the stream temperature model, Heat Source, to analyze a 37‐km study segment of the upper Middle Fork John Day River, located in northeast Oregon, USA. We developed alternative future scenarios based on downscaled projections from climate change models and the composition and structure of native riparian forests. We examined 36 scenarios combining future changes in air temperature (ΔT_air = 0°C, +2°C, and +4°C), stream discharge (ΔQ = ?30%, 0%, and +30%), and riparian vegetation (post‐wildfire with 7% shade, current vegetation with 19% shade, a young‐open forest with 34% shade, and a mature riparian forest with 79% effective shade). Shade from riparian vegetation had the largest influence on stream temperatures, changing the seven‐day average daily maximum temperature (7DADM) from +1°C to ?7°C. In comparison, the 7DADM increased by 1.4°C with a 4°C increase in air temperature and by 0.7°C with a 30% change in discharge. Many streams throughout the interior western United States have been altered in ways that have substantially reduced shade. The effect of restoring shade could result in future stream temperatures that are colder than today, even under a warmer climate with substantially lower late‐summer streamflow.     

脱硫系统GGH吹灰器高压水喷嘴改进

GGH堵塞是脱硫系统运行常见问题之一,介绍了通过扩大吹灰器高压水喷嘴口径,增加喷嘴射流流量,提高对脱硫系统GGH清洗效果的途径,并实现脱硫系统不开烟气旁路挡板进行GGH波纹板高压清洗的目的。     

Plutonium, 137Cs and 90Sr in selected invertebrates from some areas around Chernobyl nuclear power plant

Results are presented for ¹³⁷Cs, ⁹⁰Sr and plutonium activity concentrations in more than 20 samples of terrestrial invertebrates, including species of beetles, ants, spiders and millipedes, collected in the highly contaminated area of the Chernobyl exclusion zone. The majority of samples were collected in Belarus, with some also collected in the Ukraine. Three other samples were collected in an area of lower contamination. Results show that seven samples exceed an activity concentration of 100 kBq/kg (ash weight - a.w.) for ¹³⁷Cs. The maximum activity concentration for this isotope was 1.52 ± 0.08 MBq/kg (a.w.) determined in ants (Formica cynerea). Seven results for ⁹⁰Sr exceeded 100 kBq/kg (a.w.), mostly for millipedes. Relatively high plutonium activity concentrations were found in some ants and earth-boring dung beetles. Analyses of activity ratios showed differences in transfer of radionuclides between species. To reveal the correlation structure of the multivariate data set, the Partial Least-Squares method (PLS) was used. Results of the PLS model suggest that high radiocesium activity concentrations in animal bodies can be expected mainly for relatively small creatures living on the litter surface. In contrast, high strontium activity concentrations can be expected for creatures which conduct their lives within litter, having mixed trophic habits and a moderate lifespan. No clear conclusions could be made for plutonium.     

混凝沉淀—树脂吸附—Fenton氧化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液

采用混凝沉淀-树脂吸附-Fenton氧化工艺处理垃圾渗滤液膜滤浓缩液,筛选了该工艺各工段最佳的运行方式和参数.在最佳条件下,COD的去除率达98.1%.将吸附出水或氧化出水与垃圾渗滤液处理纳滤出水合并排放.各项出水指标均能达到<生活垃圾填埋场污染控制标准>(GB 16889-2008)一级排放标准.树脂脱附效果好,脱附液体积为膜滤浓缩液的1/10,实现了膜滤浓缩液减量化的目的.     

一次雷暴天气发生发展的水汽图和红外云图特征分析

通过MTSAT的水汽图和红外云图,结合天气图、NCEP资料、地闪实况资料和探空数据对在高空急流影响下的暗区雷暴实例进行了对比分析。结果表明:暗区雷暴在卫星云图上表现为经过白天太阳辐射对晴空区(水汽图暗区)近地面的加热作用,大气不稳定能量增加,在一定条件下,午后强雷暴时常发生发展于高空急流左侧的晴空区中;而在水汽图上,高空急流与水汽图上的干区、湿区间有明显的联系,而这些联系又与强雷暴的发生发展有密切的关系,是雷暴发生发展的重要条件;在雷暴云发展过程中,地闪时空分布在卫星云图上有着明显的对应。     

Heavy Metal Distribution in Valley Sediments in Wadi Al-Karak Catchment Area, South Jordan

Valley sediments samples collected from the major and minor valleys of Al-Karak catchment area (southern Jordan) were leached with hot dilute HCl and analysed for their heavy metals content. The results of leachable metal concentrations indicated the absence of anomalous values for metal occurrences. However, appreciable contamination of the sediments with Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr was observed. Using an index of pollution the extent of contamination was better delineated. The geographical distribution of the samples showed higher Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd and Cr concentrations mainly around heavily inhabited areas indicating an anthropogenic source of contamination. Lithological influence indicated from the anomalies of Fe and Mn was found to be very low.     

合肥地区不同类型源头溪流暂态存储能力及氮磷滞留特征

为揭示合肥地区不同类型源头溪流暂态存储能力及氮磷吸收滞留的基本特征,在城区和城郊筛选4条典型源头溪流,并以NH4Cl、KH2PO4为添加营养盐,以Na Cl为保守型示踪剂,开展现场示踪实验.在此基础上,利用OTIS模型水文参数(D、A、As和α),计算暂态存储指标(Ts、Tc、Ls、Rh和F200med),进而开展暂态存储能力分析,并以NH+4-N和SRP一阶吸收系数(λ、λs)解析氮磷滞留特征.结果表明:4条溪流水体的α值均处于10-4~10-3数量级;各溪流Tc基本都显著超过Ts,意味着这些溪流水体溶质滞留效应主要来自主渠道流动水体,而不是暂态存储区;根据Tc、Ts、Ls和Rh等指标,得到各源头溪流暂态存储能力排序为:二十埠河二级支流二十埠河一级支流十五里河源头段关镇河支渠;4条源头溪流主渠道流动水体与暂态存储区的NH+4-N、SRP滞留特征存在很大的差异,并且二十埠河一、二级支流和十五里河均不同程度出现λ-NH+4、λs-NH+4为负值的现象,意味着这些水体对于NH+4-N既具有短期存储作用,也起着"源"的作用.     

Classification of Ephemeral,Intermittent, and Perennial Stream Reaches Using a TOPMODEL‐Based Approach

Whether a waterway is temporary or permanent influences regulatory protection guidelines, however, classification can be subjective due to a combination of factors, including time of year, antecedent moisture conditions, and previous experience of the field investigator. Our objective was to develop a standardized protocol using publically available spatial information to classify ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial streams. Our hypothesis was that field observations of flow along the stream channel could be compared to results from a hydrologic model, providing an objective method of how these stream reaches can be identified. Flow‐state sensors were placed at ephemeral, intermittent, and perennial stream reaches from May to December 2011 in the Appalachian coal basin of eastern Kentucky. This observed flow record was then used to calibrate the simulated saturation deficit in each channel reach based on the topographic wetness index used by TOPMODEL. Saturation deficit values were categorized as flow or no‐flow days, and the simulated record of streamflow was compared to the observed record. The hydrologic model was more accurate for simulating flow during the spring and fall seasons. However, the model effectively identified stream reaches as intermittent and perennial in each of the two basins.     

天山北麓宁家河阶地上的黄土堆积及其磁学特征

本文报道了新疆地区天山北麓宁家河阶地上的黄土堆积。研究剖面的两层黄土为河流 砾石层所隔开,这在新疆地区较为少见。通过系统的岩石磁学和粒度测量,分析了该剖面两层 黄土的磁学特征,并初步探讨磁化率变化机制。结果表明：黄土中的主要磁性矿物为磁铁矿和 磁赤铁矿,并含有少量赤铁矿和针铁矿。亚铁磁性矿物主要以多畴（MD）、假单畴（PSD）颗 粒为主,反映了这一地区极弱的成土作用。砾石层上下两层黄土磁学性质存在着差异,表现为 上层黄土具有较高的磁性矿物含量、较粗的磁颗粒和相对含量较高的软磁性矿物。下层黄土受 到后期河水的改造可能是导致这些差异的原因。磁化率与粒度呈现较好的正相关关系,与黄土 高原的情况相反,说明干旱地区的黄土磁学性质主要受原生磁性矿物控制。搬运风力和源区变 化是磁化率变化的主导因素。